' . sprintf(
/* translators: %s: Database name. */
__( 'The database server could be connected to (which means your username and password is okay) but the %s database could not be selected.' ),
'' . htmlspecialchars( $db, ENT_QUOTES ) . ''
) . "
' . htmlspecialchars( $this->dbuser, ENT_QUOTES ) . '',
'' . htmlspecialchars( $db, ENT_QUOTES ) . ''
) . "username_%1$s. Could that be the problem?' ),
htmlspecialchars( $db, ENT_QUOTES )
) . "' . sprintf( /* translators: %s: Support forums URL. */ __( 'If you do not know how to set up a database you should contact your host. If all else fails you may find help at the WordPress support forums.' ), __( 'https://wordpress.org/support/forums/' ) ) . "
\n"; $this->bail( $message, 'db_select_fail' ); } } } /** * Do not use, deprecated. * * Use esc_sql() or wpdb::prepare() instead. * * @since 2.8.0 * @deprecated 3.6.0 Use wpdb::prepare() * @see wpdb::prepare() * @see esc_sql() * * @param string $data * @return string */ public function _weak_escape( $data ) { if ( func_num_args() === 1 && function_exists( '_deprecated_function' ) ) { _deprecated_function( __METHOD__, '3.6.0', 'wpdb::prepare() or esc_sql()' ); } return addslashes( $data ); } /** * Real escape using mysqli_real_escape_string(). * * @since 2.8.0 * * @see mysqli_real_escape_string() * * @param string $data String to escape. * @return string Escaped string. */ public function _real_escape( $data ) { if ( ! is_scalar( $data ) ) { return ''; } if ( $this->dbh ) { $escaped = mysqli_real_escape_string( $this->dbh, $data ); } else { $class = get_class( $this ); wp_load_translations_early(); /* translators: %s: Database access abstraction class, usually wpdb or a class extending wpdb. */ _doing_it_wrong( $class, sprintf( __( '%s must set a database connection for use with escaping.' ), $class ), '3.6.0' ); $escaped = addslashes( $data ); } return $this->add_placeholder_escape( $escaped ); } /** * Escapes data. Works on arrays. * * @since 2.8.0 * * @uses wpdb::_real_escape() * * @param string|array $data Data to escape. * @return string|array Escaped data, in the same type as supplied. */ public function _escape( $data ) { if ( is_array( $data ) ) { foreach ( $data as $k => $v ) { if ( is_array( $v ) ) { $data[ $k ] = $this->_escape( $v ); } else { $data[ $k ] = $this->_real_escape( $v ); } } } else { $data = $this->_real_escape( $data ); } return $data; } /** * Do not use, deprecated. * * Use esc_sql() or wpdb::prepare() instead. * * @since 0.71 * @deprecated 3.6.0 Use wpdb::prepare() * @see wpdb::prepare() * @see esc_sql() * * @param string|array $data Data to escape. * @return string|array Escaped data, in the same type as supplied. */ public function escape( $data ) { if ( func_num_args() === 1 && function_exists( '_deprecated_function' ) ) { _deprecated_function( __METHOD__, '3.6.0', 'wpdb::prepare() or esc_sql()' ); } if ( is_array( $data ) ) { foreach ( $data as $k => $v ) { if ( is_array( $v ) ) { $data[ $k ] = $this->escape( $v, 'recursive' ); } else { $data[ $k ] = $this->_weak_escape( $v, 'internal' ); } } } else { $data = $this->_weak_escape( $data, 'internal' ); } return $data; } /** * Escapes content by reference for insertion into the database, for security. * * @uses wpdb::_real_escape() * * @since 2.3.0 * * @param string $data String to escape. */ public function escape_by_ref( &$data ) { if ( ! is_float( $data ) ) { $data = $this->_real_escape( $data ); } } /** * Quotes an identifier such as a table or field name. * * @since 6.2.0 * * @param string $identifier Identifier to escape. * @return string Escaped identifier. */ public function quote_identifier( $identifier ) { return '`' . $this->_escape_identifier_value( $identifier ) . '`'; } /** * Escapes an identifier value without adding the surrounding quotes. * * - Permitted characters in quoted identifiers include the full Unicode * Basic Multilingual Plane (BMP), except U+0000. * - To quote the identifier itself, you need to double the character, e.g. `a``b`. * * @since 6.2.0 * * @link https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/identifiers.html * * @param string $identifier Identifier to escape. * @return string Escaped identifier. */ private function _escape_identifier_value( $identifier ) { return str_replace( '`', '``', $identifier ); } /** * Prepares a SQL query for safe execution. * * Uses `sprintf()`-like syntax. The following placeholders can be used in the query string: * * - `%d` (integer) * - `%f` (float) * - `%s` (string) * - `%i` (identifier, e.g. table/field names) * * All placeholders MUST be left unquoted in the query string. A corresponding argument * MUST be passed for each placeholder. * * Note: There is one exception to the above: for compatibility with old behavior, * numbered or formatted string placeholders (eg, `%1$s`, `%5s`) will not have quotes * added by this function, so should be passed with appropriate quotes around them. * * Literal percentage signs (`%`) in the query string must be written as `%%`. Percentage wildcards * (for example, to use in LIKE syntax) must be passed via a substitution argument containing * the complete LIKE string, these cannot be inserted directly in the query string. * Also see wpdb::esc_like(). * * Arguments may be passed as individual arguments to the method, or as a single array * containing all arguments. A combination of the two is not supported. * * Examples: * * $wpdb->prepare( * "SELECT * FROM `table` WHERE `column` = %s AND `field` = %d OR `other_field` LIKE %s", * array( 'foo', 1337, '%bar' ) * ); * * $wpdb->prepare( * "SELECT DATE_FORMAT(`field`, '%%c') FROM `table` WHERE `column` = %s", * 'foo' * ); * * $wpdb->prepare( * "SELECT * FROM %i WHERE %i = %s", * $table, * $field, * $value * ); * * @since 2.3.0 * @since 5.3.0 Formalized the existing and already documented `...$args` parameter * by updating the function signature. The second parameter was changed * from `$args` to `...$args`. * @since 6.2.0 Added `%i` for identifiers, e.g. table or field names. * Check support via `wpdb::has_cap( 'identifier_placeholders' )`. * This preserves compatibility with `sprintf()`, as the C version uses * `%d` and `$i` as a signed integer, whereas PHP only supports `%d`. * * @link https://www.php.net/sprintf Description of syntax. * * @param string $query Query statement with `sprintf()`-like placeholders. * @param array|mixed $args The array of variables to substitute into the query's placeholders * if being called with an array of arguments, or the first variable * to substitute into the query's placeholders if being called with * individual arguments. * @param mixed ...$args Further variables to substitute into the query's placeholders * if being called with individual arguments. * @return string|void Sanitized query string, if there is a query to prepare. */ public function prepare( $query, ...$args ) { if ( is_null( $query ) ) { return; } /* * This is not meant to be foolproof -- but it will catch obviously incorrect usage. * * Note: str_contains() is not used here, as this file can be included * directly outside of WordPress core, e.g. by HyperDB, in which case * the polyfills from wp-includes/compat.php are not loaded. */ if ( false === strpos( $query, '%' ) ) { wp_load_translations_early(); _doing_it_wrong( 'wpdb::prepare', sprintf( /* translators: %s: wpdb::prepare() */ __( 'The query argument of %s must have a placeholder.' ), 'wpdb::prepare()' ), '3.9.0' ); } /* * Specify the formatting allowed in a placeholder. The following are allowed: * * - Sign specifier, e.g. $+d * - Numbered placeholders, e.g. %1$s * - Padding specifier, including custom padding characters, e.g. %05s, %'#5s * - Alignment specifier, e.g. %05-s * - Precision specifier, e.g. %.2f */ $allowed_format = '(?:[1-9][0-9]*[$])?[-+0-9]*(?: |0|\'.)?[-+0-9]*(?:\.[0-9]+)?'; /* * If a %s placeholder already has quotes around it, removing the existing quotes * and re-inserting them ensures the quotes are consistent. * * For backward compatibility, this is only applied to %s, and not to placeholders like %1$s, * which are frequently used in the middle of longer strings, or as table name placeholders. */ $query = str_replace( "'%s'", '%s', $query ); // Strip any existing single quotes. $query = str_replace( '"%s"', '%s', $query ); // Strip any existing double quotes. // Escape any unescaped percents (i.e. anything unrecognised). $query = preg_replace( "/%(?:%|$|(?!($allowed_format)?[sdfFi]))/", '%%\\1', $query ); // Extract placeholders from the query. $split_query = preg_split( "/(^|[^%]|(?:%%)+)(%(?:$allowed_format)?[sdfFi])/", $query, -1, PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE ); $split_query_count = count( $split_query ); /* * Split always returns with 1 value before the first placeholder (even with $query = "%s"), * then 3 additional values per placeholder. */ $placeholder_count = ( ( $split_query_count - 1 ) / 3 ); // If args were passed as an array, as in vsprintf(), move them up. $passed_as_array = ( isset( $args[0] ) && is_array( $args[0] ) && 1 === count( $args ) ); if ( $passed_as_array ) { $args = $args[0]; } $new_query = ''; $key = 2; // Keys 0 and 1 in $split_query contain values before the first placeholder. $arg_id = 0; $arg_identifiers = array(); $arg_strings = array(); while ( $key < $split_query_count ) { $placeholder = $split_query[ $key ]; $format = substr( $placeholder, 1, -1 ); $type = substr( $placeholder, -1 ); if ( 'f' === $type && true === $this->allow_unsafe_unquoted_parameters /* * Note: str_ends_with() is not used here, as this file can be included * directly outside of WordPress core, e.g. by HyperDB, in which case * the polyfills from wp-includes/compat.php are not loaded. */ && '%' === substr( $split_query[ $key - 1 ], -1, 1 ) ) { /* * Before WP 6.2 the "force floats to be locale-unaware" RegEx didn't * convert "%%%f" to "%%%F" (note the uppercase F). * This was because it didn't check to see if the leading "%" was escaped. * And because the "Escape any unescaped percents" RegEx used "[sdF]" in its * negative lookahead assertion, when there was an odd number of "%", it added * an extra "%", to give the fully escaped "%%%%f" (not a placeholder). */ $s = $split_query[ $key - 2 ] . $split_query[ $key - 1 ]; $k = 1; $l = strlen( $s ); while ( $k <= $l && '%' === $s[ $l - $k ] ) { ++$k; } $placeholder = '%' . ( $k % 2 ? '%' : '' ) . $format . $type; --$placeholder_count; } else { // Force floats to be locale-unaware. if ( 'f' === $type ) { $type = 'F'; $placeholder = '%' . $format . $type; } if ( 'i' === $type ) { $placeholder = '`%' . $format . 's`'; // Using a simple strpos() due to previous checking (e.g. $allowed_format). $argnum_pos = strpos( $format, '$' ); if ( false !== $argnum_pos ) { // sprintf() argnum starts at 1, $arg_id from 0. $arg_identifiers[] = ( ( (int) substr( $format, 0, $argnum_pos ) ) - 1 ); } else { $arg_identifiers[] = $arg_id; } } elseif ( 'd' !== $type && 'F' !== $type ) { /* * i.e. ( 's' === $type ), where 'd' and 'F' keeps $placeholder unchanged, * and we ensure string escaping is used as a safe default (e.g. even if 'x'). */ $argnum_pos = strpos( $format, '$' ); if ( false !== $argnum_pos ) { $arg_strings[] = ( ( (int) substr( $format, 0, $argnum_pos ) ) - 1 ); } else { $arg_strings[] = $arg_id; } /* * Unquoted strings for backward compatibility (dangerous). * First, "numbered or formatted string placeholders (eg, %1$s, %5s)". * Second, if "%s" has a "%" before it, even if it's unrelated (e.g. "LIKE '%%%s%%'"). */ if ( true !== $this->allow_unsafe_unquoted_parameters /* * Note: str_ends_with() is not used here, as this file can be included * directly outside of WordPress core, e.g. by HyperDB, in which case * the polyfills from wp-includes/compat.php are not loaded. */ || ( '' === $format && '%' !== substr( $split_query[ $key - 1 ], -1, 1 ) ) ) { $placeholder = "'%" . $format . "s'"; } } } // Glue (-2), any leading characters (-1), then the new $placeholder. $new_query .= $split_query[ $key - 2 ] . $split_query[ $key - 1 ] . $placeholder; $key += 3; ++$arg_id; } // Replace $query; and add remaining $query characters, or index 0 if there were no placeholders. $query = $new_query . $split_query[ $key - 2 ]; $dual_use = array_intersect( $arg_identifiers, $arg_strings ); if ( count( $dual_use ) > 0 ) { wp_load_translations_early(); $used_placeholders = array(); $key = 2; $arg_id = 0; // Parse again (only used when there is an error). while ( $key < $split_query_count ) { $placeholder = $split_query[ $key ]; $format = substr( $placeholder, 1, -1 ); $argnum_pos = strpos( $format, '$' ); if ( false !== $argnum_pos ) { $arg_pos = ( ( (int) substr( $format, 0, $argnum_pos ) ) - 1 ); } else { $arg_pos = $arg_id; } $used_placeholders[ $arg_pos ][] = $placeholder; $key += 3; ++$arg_id; } $conflicts = array(); foreach ( $dual_use as $arg_pos ) { $conflicts[] = implode( ' and ', $used_placeholders[ $arg_pos ] ); } _doing_it_wrong( 'wpdb::prepare', sprintf( /* translators: %s: A list of placeholders found to be a problem. */ __( 'Arguments cannot be prepared as both an Identifier and Value. Found the following conflicts: %s' ), implode( ', ', $conflicts ) ), '6.2.0' ); return; } $args_count = count( $args ); if ( $args_count !== $placeholder_count ) { if ( 1 === $placeholder_count && $passed_as_array ) { /* * If the passed query only expected one argument, * but the wrong number of arguments was sent as an array, bail. */ wp_load_translations_early(); _doing_it_wrong( 'wpdb::prepare', __( 'The query only expected one placeholder, but an array of multiple placeholders was sent.' ), '4.9.0' ); return; } else { /* * If we don't have the right number of placeholders, * but they were passed as individual arguments, * or we were expecting multiple arguments in an array, throw a warning. */ wp_load_translations_early(); _doing_it_wrong( 'wpdb::prepare', sprintf( /* translators: 1: Number of placeholders, 2: Number of arguments passed. */ __( 'The query does not contain the correct number of placeholders (%1$d) for the number of arguments passed (%2$d).' ), $placeholder_count, $args_count ), '4.8.3' ); /* * If we don't have enough arguments to match the placeholders, * return an empty string to avoid a fatal error on PHP 8. */ if ( $args_count < $placeholder_count ) { $max_numbered_placeholder = 0; for ( $i = 2, $l = $split_query_count; $i < $l; $i += 3 ) { // Assume a leading number is for a numbered placeholder, e.g. '%3$s'. $argnum = (int) substr( $split_query[ $i ], 1 ); if ( $max_numbered_placeholder < $argnum ) { $max_numbered_placeholder = $argnum; } } if ( ! $max_numbered_placeholder || $args_count < $max_numbered_placeholder ) { return ''; } } } } $args_escaped = array(); foreach ( $args as $i => $value ) { if ( in_array( $i, $arg_identifiers, true ) ) { $args_escaped[] = $this->_escape_identifier_value( $value ); } elseif ( is_int( $value ) || is_float( $value ) ) { $args_escaped[] = $value; } else { if ( ! is_scalar( $value ) && ! is_null( $value ) ) { wp_load_translations_early(); _doing_it_wrong( 'wpdb::prepare', sprintf( /* translators: %s: Value type. */ __( 'Unsupported value type (%s).' ), gettype( $value ) ), '4.8.2' ); // Preserving old behavior, where values are escaped as strings. $value = ''; } $args_escaped[] = $this->_real_escape( $value ); } } $query = vsprintf( $query, $args_escaped ); return $this->add_placeholder_escape( $query ); } /** * First half of escaping for `LIKE` special characters `%` and `_` before preparing for SQL. * * Use this only before wpdb::prepare() or esc_sql(). Reversing the order is very bad for security. * * Example Prepared Statement: * * $wild = '%'; * $find = 'only 43% of planets'; * $like = $wild . $wpdb->esc_like( $find ) . $wild; * $sql = $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT * FROM $wpdb->posts WHERE post_content LIKE %s", $like ); * * Example Escape Chain: * * $sql = esc_sql( $wpdb->esc_like( $input ) ); * * @since 4.0.0 * * @param string $text The raw text to be escaped. The input typed by the user * should have no extra or deleted slashes. * @return string Text in the form of a LIKE phrase. The output is not SQL safe. * Call wpdb::prepare() or wpdb::_real_escape() next. */ public function esc_like( $text ) { return addcslashes( $text, '_%\\' ); } /** * Prints SQL/DB error. * * @since 0.71 * * @global array $EZSQL_ERROR Stores error information of query and error string. * * @param string $str The error to display. * @return void|false Void if the showing of errors is enabled, false if disabled. */ public function print_error( $str = '' ) { global $EZSQL_ERROR; if ( ! $str ) { $str = mysqli_error( $this->dbh ); } $EZSQL_ERROR[] = array( 'query' => $this->last_query, 'error_str' => $str, ); if ( $this->suppress_errors ) { return false; } $caller = $this->get_caller(); if ( $caller ) { // Not translated, as this will only appear in the error log. $error_str = sprintf( 'WordPress database error %1$s for query %2$s made by %3$s', $str, $this->last_query, $caller ); } else { $error_str = sprintf( 'WordPress database error %1$s for query %2$s', $str, $this->last_query ); } error_log( $error_str ); // Are we showing errors? if ( ! $this->show_errors ) { return false; } wp_load_translations_early(); // If there is an error then take note of it. if ( is_multisite() ) { $msg = sprintf( "%s [%s]\n%s\n", __( 'WordPress database error:' ), $str, $this->last_query ); if ( defined( 'ERRORLOGFILE' ) ) { error_log( $msg, 3, ERRORLOGFILE ); } if ( defined( 'DIEONDBERROR' ) ) { wp_die( $msg ); } } else { $str = htmlspecialchars( $str, ENT_QUOTES ); $query = htmlspecialchars( $this->last_query, ENT_QUOTES ); printf( '%s [%s]%s
' . sprintf(
/* translators: 1: wp-config.php, 2: Database host. */
__( 'This either means that the username and password information in your %1$s file is incorrect or that contact with the database server at %2$s could not be established. This could mean your host’s database server is down.' ),
'wp-config.php',
'' . htmlspecialchars( $this->dbhost, ENT_QUOTES ) . ''
) . "
' . sprintf( /* translators: %s: Support forums URL. */ __( 'If you are unsure what these terms mean you should probably contact your host. If you still need help you can always visit the WordPress support forums.' ), __( 'https://wordpress.org/support/forums/' ) ) . "
\n"; $this->bail( $message, 'db_connect_fail' ); return false; } elseif ( $this->dbh ) { if ( ! $this->has_connected ) { $this->init_charset(); } $this->has_connected = true; $this->set_charset( $this->dbh ); $this->ready = true; $this->set_sql_mode(); $this->select( $this->dbname, $this->dbh ); return true; } return false; } /** * Parses the DB_HOST setting to interpret it for mysqli_real_connect(). * * mysqli_real_connect() doesn't support the host param including a port or socket * like mysql_connect() does. This duplicates how mysql_connect() detects a port * and/or socket file. * * @since 4.9.0 * * @param string $host The DB_HOST setting to parse. * @return array|false { * Array containing the host, the port, the socket and * whether it is an IPv6 address, in that order. * False if the host couldn't be parsed. * * @type string $0 Host name. * @type string|null $1 Port. * @type string|null $2 Socket. * @type bool $3 Whether it is an IPv6 address. * } */ public function parse_db_host( $host ) { $socket = null; $is_ipv6 = false; // First peel off the socket parameter from the right, if it exists. $socket_pos = strpos( $host, ':/' ); if ( false !== $socket_pos ) { $socket = substr( $host, $socket_pos + 1 ); $host = substr( $host, 0, $socket_pos ); } /* * We need to check for an IPv6 address first. * An IPv6 address will always contain at least two colons. */ if ( substr_count( $host, ':' ) > 1 ) { $pattern = '#^(?:\[)?(?P' . sprintf(
/* translators: %s: Database host. */
__( 'This means that the contact with the database server at %s was lost. This could mean your host’s database server is down.' ),
'' . htmlspecialchars( $this->dbhost, ENT_QUOTES ) . ''
) . "
' . sprintf( /* translators: %s: Support forums URL. */ __( 'If you are unsure what these terms mean you should probably contact your host. If you still need help you can always visit the WordPress support forums.' ), __( 'https://wordpress.org/support/forums/' ) ) . "
\n"; // We weren't able to reconnect, so we better bail. $this->bail( $message, 'db_connect_fail' ); /* * Call dead_db() if bail didn't die, because this database is no more. * It has ceased to be (at least temporarily). */ dead_db(); } /** * Performs a database query, using current database connection. * * More information can be found on the documentation page. * * @since 0.71 * * @link https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/classes/wpdb/ * * @param string $query Database query. * @return int|bool Boolean true for CREATE, ALTER, TRUNCATE and DROP queries. Number of rows * affected/selected for all other queries. Boolean false on error. */ public function query( $query ) { if ( ! $this->ready ) { $this->check_current_query = true; return false; } /** * Filters the database query. * * Some queries are made before the plugins have been loaded, * and thus cannot be filtered with this method. * * @since 2.1.0 * * @param string $query Database query. */ $query = apply_filters( 'query', $query ); if ( ! $query ) { $this->insert_id = 0; return false; } $this->flush(); // Log how the function was called. $this->func_call = "\$db->query(\"$query\")"; // If we're writing to the database, make sure the query will write safely. if ( $this->check_current_query && ! $this->check_ascii( $query ) ) { $stripped_query = $this->strip_invalid_text_from_query( $query ); /* * strip_invalid_text_from_query() can perform queries, so we need * to flush again, just to make sure everything is clear. */ $this->flush(); if ( $stripped_query !== $query ) { $this->insert_id = 0; $this->last_query = $query; wp_load_translations_early(); $this->last_error = __( 'WordPress database error: Could not perform query because it contains invalid data.' ); return false; } } $this->check_current_query = true; // Keep track of the last query for debug. $this->last_query = $query; $this->_do_query( $query ); // Database server has gone away, try to reconnect. $mysql_errno = 0; if ( $this->dbh instanceof mysqli ) { $mysql_errno = mysqli_errno( $this->dbh ); } else { /* * $dbh is defined, but isn't a real connection. * Something has gone horribly wrong, let's try a reconnect. */ $mysql_errno = 2006; } if ( empty( $this->dbh ) || 2006 === $mysql_errno ) { if ( $this->check_connection() ) { $this->_do_query( $query ); } else { $this->insert_id = 0; return false; } } // If there is an error then take note of it. if ( $this->dbh instanceof mysqli ) { $this->last_error = mysqli_error( $this->dbh ); } else { $this->last_error = __( 'Unable to retrieve the error message from the database server' ); } if ( $this->last_error ) { // Clear insert_id on a subsequent failed insert. if ( $this->insert_id && preg_match( '/^\s*(insert|replace)\s/i', $query ) ) { $this->insert_id = 0; } $this->print_error(); return false; } if ( preg_match( '/^\s*(create|alter|truncate|drop)\s/i', $query ) ) { $return_val = $this->result; } elseif ( preg_match( '/^\s*(insert|delete|update|replace)\s/i', $query ) ) { $this->rows_affected = mysqli_affected_rows( $this->dbh ); // Take note of the insert_id. if ( preg_match( '/^\s*(insert|replace)\s/i', $query ) ) { $this->insert_id = mysqli_insert_id( $this->dbh ); } // Return number of rows affected. $return_val = $this->rows_affected; } else { $num_rows = 0; if ( $this->result instanceof mysqli_result ) { while ( $row = mysqli_fetch_object( $this->result ) ) { $this->last_result[ $num_rows ] = $row; ++$num_rows; } } // Log and return the number of rows selected. $this->num_rows = $num_rows; $return_val = $num_rows; } return $return_val; } /** * Internal function to perform the mysqli_query() call. * * @since 3.9.0 * * @see wpdb::query() * * @param string $query The query to run. */ private function _do_query( $query ) { if ( defined( 'SAVEQUERIES' ) && SAVEQUERIES ) { $this->timer_start(); } if ( ! empty( $this->dbh ) ) { $this->result = mysqli_query( $this->dbh, $query ); } ++$this->num_queries; if ( defined( 'SAVEQUERIES' ) && SAVEQUERIES ) { $this->log_query( $query, $this->timer_stop(), $this->get_caller(), $this->time_start, array() ); } } /** * Logs query data. * * @since 5.3.0 * * @param string $query The query's SQL. * @param float $query_time Total time spent on the query, in seconds. * @param string $query_callstack Comma-separated list of the calling functions. * @param float $query_start Unix timestamp of the time at the start of the query. * @param array $query_data Custom query data. */ public function log_query( $query, $query_time, $query_callstack, $query_start, $query_data ) { /** * Filters the custom data to log alongside a query. * * Caution should be used when modifying any of this data, it is recommended that any additional * information you need to store about a query be added as a new associative array element. * * @since 5.3.0 * * @param array $query_data Custom query data. * @param string $query The query's SQL. * @param float $query_time Total time spent on the query, in seconds. * @param string $query_callstack Comma-separated list of the calling functions. * @param float $query_start Unix timestamp of the time at the start of the query. */ $query_data = apply_filters( 'log_query_custom_data', $query_data, $query, $query_time, $query_callstack, $query_start ); $this->queries[] = array( $query, $query_time, $query_callstack, $query_start, $query_data, ); } /** * Generates and returns a placeholder escape string for use in queries returned by ::prepare(). * * @since 4.8.3 * * @return string String to escape placeholders. */ public function placeholder_escape() { static $placeholder; if ( ! $placeholder ) { // Old WP installs may not have AUTH_SALT defined. $salt = defined( 'AUTH_SALT' ) && AUTH_SALT ? AUTH_SALT : (string) rand(); $placeholder = '{' . hash_hmac( 'sha256', uniqid( $salt, true ), $salt ) . '}'; } /* * Add the filter to remove the placeholder escaper. Uses priority 0, so that anything * else attached to this filter will receive the query with the placeholder string removed. */ if ( false === has_filter( 'query', array( $this, 'remove_placeholder_escape' ) ) ) { add_filter( 'query', array( $this, 'remove_placeholder_escape' ), 0 ); } return $placeholder; } /** * Adds a placeholder escape string, to escape anything that resembles a printf() placeholder. * * @since 4.8.3 * * @param string $query The query to escape. * @return string The query with the placeholder escape string inserted where necessary. */ public function add_placeholder_escape( $query ) { /* * To prevent returning anything that even vaguely resembles a placeholder, * we clobber every % we can find. */ return str_replace( '%', $this->placeholder_escape(), $query ); } /** * Removes the placeholder escape strings from a query. * * @since 4.8.3 * * @param string $query The query from which the placeholder will be removed. * @return string The query with the placeholder removed. */ public function remove_placeholder_escape( $query ) { return str_replace( $this->placeholder_escape(), '%', $query ); } /** * Inserts a row into the table. * * Examples: * * $wpdb->insert( * 'table', * array( * 'column1' => 'foo', * 'column2' => 'bar', * ) * ); * $wpdb->insert( * 'table', * array( * 'column1' => 'foo', * 'column2' => 1337, * ), * array( * '%s', * '%d', * ) * ); * * @since 2.5.0 * * @see wpdb::prepare() * @see wpdb::$field_types * @see wp_set_wpdb_vars() * * @param string $table Table name. * @param array $data Data to insert (in column => value pairs). * Both `$data` columns and `$data` values should be "raw" (neither should be SQL escaped). * Sending a null value will cause the column to be set to NULL - the corresponding * format is ignored in this case. * @param string[]|string $format Optional. An array of formats to be mapped to each of the value in `$data`. * If string, that format will be used for all of the values in `$data`. * A format is one of '%d', '%f', '%s' (integer, float, string). * If omitted, all values in `$data` will be treated as strings unless otherwise * specified in wpdb::$field_types. Default null. * @return int|false The number of rows inserted, or false on error. */ public function insert( $table, $data, $format = null ) { return $this->_insert_replace_helper( $table, $data, $format, 'INSERT' ); } /** * Replaces a row in the table or inserts it if it does not exist, based on a PRIMARY KEY or a UNIQUE index. * * A REPLACE works exactly like an INSERT, except that if an old row in the table has the same value as a new row * for a PRIMARY KEY or a UNIQUE index, the old row is deleted before the new row is inserted. * * Examples: * * $wpdb->replace( * 'table', * array( * 'ID' => 123, * 'column1' => 'foo', * 'column2' => 'bar', * ) * ); * $wpdb->replace( * 'table', * array( * 'ID' => 456, * 'column1' => 'foo', * 'column2' => 1337, * ), * array( * '%d', * '%s', * '%d', * ) * ); * * @since 3.0.0 * * @see wpdb::prepare() * @see wpdb::$field_types * @see wp_set_wpdb_vars() * * @param string $table Table name. * @param array $data Data to insert (in column => value pairs). * Both `$data` columns and `$data` values should be "raw" (neither should be SQL escaped). * A primary key or unique index is required to perform a replace operation. * Sending a null value will cause the column to be set to NULL - the corresponding * format is ignored in this case. * @param string[]|string $format Optional. An array of formats to be mapped to each of the value in `$data`. * If string, that format will be used for all of the values in `$data`. * A format is one of '%d', '%f', '%s' (integer, float, string). * If omitted, all values in `$data` will be treated as strings unless otherwise * specified in wpdb::$field_types. Default null. * @return int|false The number of rows affected, or false on error. */ public function replace( $table, $data, $format = null ) { return $this->_insert_replace_helper( $table, $data, $format, 'REPLACE' ); } /** * Helper function for insert and replace. * * Runs an insert or replace query based on `$type` argument. * * @since 3.0.0 * * @see wpdb::prepare() * @see wpdb::$field_types * @see wp_set_wpdb_vars() * * @param string $table Table name. * @param array $data Data to insert (in column => value pairs). * Both `$data` columns and `$data` values should be "raw" (neither should be SQL escaped). * Sending a null value will cause the column to be set to NULL - the corresponding * format is ignored in this case. * @param string[]|string $format Optional. An array of formats to be mapped to each of the value in `$data`. * If string, that format will be used for all of the values in `$data`. * A format is one of '%d', '%f', '%s' (integer, float, string). * If omitted, all values in `$data` will be treated as strings unless otherwise * specified in wpdb::$field_types. Default null. * @param string $type Optional. Type of operation. Either 'INSERT' or 'REPLACE'. * Default 'INSERT'. * @return int|false The number of rows affected, or false on error. */ public function _insert_replace_helper( $table, $data, $format = null, $type = 'INSERT' ) { $this->insert_id = 0; if ( ! in_array( strtoupper( $type ), array( 'REPLACE', 'INSERT' ), true ) ) { return false; } $data = $this->process_fields( $table, $data, $format ); if ( false === $data ) { return false; } $formats = array(); $values = array(); foreach ( $data as $value ) { if ( is_null( $value['value'] ) ) { $formats[] = 'NULL'; continue; } $formats[] = $value['format']; $values[] = $value['value']; } $fields = '`' . implode( '`, `', array_keys( $data ) ) . '`'; $formats = implode( ', ', $formats ); $sql = "$type INTO `$table` ($fields) VALUES ($formats)"; $this->check_current_query = false; return $this->query( $this->prepare( $sql, $values ) ); } /** * Updates a row in the table. * * Examples: * * $wpdb->update( * 'table', * array( * 'column1' => 'foo', * 'column2' => 'bar', * ), * array( * 'ID' => 1, * ) * ); * $wpdb->update( * 'table', * array( * 'column1' => 'foo', * 'column2' => 1337, * ), * array( * 'ID' => 1, * ), * array( * '%s', * '%d', * ), * array( * '%d', * ) * ); * * @since 2.5.0 * * @see wpdb::prepare() * @see wpdb::$field_types * @see wp_set_wpdb_vars() * * @param string $table Table name. * @param array $data Data to update (in column => value pairs). * Both $data columns and $data values should be "raw" (neither should be SQL escaped). * Sending a null value will cause the column to be set to NULL - the corresponding * format is ignored in this case. * @param array $where A named array of WHERE clauses (in column => value pairs). * Multiple clauses will be joined with ANDs. * Both $where columns and $where values should be "raw". * Sending a null value will create an IS NULL comparison - the corresponding * format will be ignored in this case. * @param string[]|string $format Optional. An array of formats to be mapped to each of the values in $data. * If string, that format will be used for all of the values in $data. * A format is one of '%d', '%f', '%s' (integer, float, string). * If omitted, all values in $data will be treated as strings unless otherwise * specified in wpdb::$field_types. Default null. * @param string[]|string $where_format Optional. An array of formats to be mapped to each of the values in $where. * If string, that format will be used for all of the items in $where. * A format is one of '%d', '%f', '%s' (integer, float, string). * If omitted, all values in $where will be treated as strings unless otherwise * specified in wpdb::$field_types. Default null. * @return int|false The number of rows updated, or false on error. */ public function update( $table, $data, $where, $format = null, $where_format = null ) { if ( ! is_array( $data ) || ! is_array( $where ) ) { return false; } $data = $this->process_fields( $table, $data, $format ); if ( false === $data ) { return false; } $where = $this->process_fields( $table, $where, $where_format ); if ( false === $where ) { return false; } $fields = array(); $conditions = array(); $values = array(); foreach ( $data as $field => $value ) { if ( is_null( $value['value'] ) ) { $fields[] = "`$field` = NULL"; continue; } $fields[] = "`$field` = " . $value['format']; $values[] = $value['value']; } foreach ( $where as $field => $value ) { if ( is_null( $value['value'] ) ) { $conditions[] = "`$field` IS NULL"; continue; } $conditions[] = "`$field` = " . $value['format']; $values[] = $value['value']; } $fields = implode( ', ', $fields ); $conditions = implode( ' AND ', $conditions ); $sql = "UPDATE `$table` SET $fields WHERE $conditions"; $this->check_current_query = false; return $this->query( $this->prepare( $sql, $values ) ); } /** * Deletes a row in the table. * * Examples: * * $wpdb->delete( * 'table', * array( * 'ID' => 1, * ) * ); * $wpdb->delete( * 'table', * array( * 'ID' => 1, * ), * array( * '%d', * ) * ); * * @since 3.4.0 * * @see wpdb::prepare() * @see wpdb::$field_types * @see wp_set_wpdb_vars() * * @param string $table Table name. * @param array $where A named array of WHERE clauses (in column => value pairs). * Multiple clauses will be joined with ANDs. * Both $where columns and $where values should be "raw". * Sending a null value will create an IS NULL comparison - the corresponding * format will be ignored in this case. * @param string[]|string $where_format Optional. An array of formats to be mapped to each of the values in $where. * If string, that format will be used for all of the items in $where. * A format is one of '%d', '%f', '%s' (integer, float, string). * If omitted, all values in $data will be treated as strings unless otherwise * specified in wpdb::$field_types. Default null. * @return int|false The number of rows deleted, or false on error. */ public function delete( $table, $where, $where_format = null ) { if ( ! is_array( $where ) ) { return false; } $where = $this->process_fields( $table, $where, $where_format ); if ( false === $where ) { return false; } $conditions = array(); $values = array(); foreach ( $where as $field => $value ) { if ( is_null( $value['value'] ) ) { $conditions[] = "`$field` IS NULL"; continue; } $conditions[] = "`$field` = " . $value['format']; $values[] = $value['value']; } $conditions = implode( ' AND ', $conditions ); $sql = "DELETE FROM `$table` WHERE $conditions"; $this->check_current_query = false; return $this->query( $this->prepare( $sql, $values ) ); } /** * Processes arrays of field/value pairs and field formats. * * This is a helper method for wpdb's CRUD methods, which take field/value pairs * for inserts, updates, and where clauses. This method first pairs each value * with a format. Then it determines the charset of that field, using that * to determine if any invalid text would be stripped. If text is stripped, * then field processing is rejected and the query fails. * * @since 4.2.0 * * @param string $table Table name. * @param array $data Array of values keyed by their field names. * @param string[]|string $format Formats or format to be mapped to the values in the data. * @return array|false An array of fields that contain paired value and formats. * False for invalid values. */ protected function process_fields( $table, $data, $format ) { $data = $this->process_field_formats( $data, $format ); if ( false === $data ) { return false; } $data = $this->process_field_charsets( $data, $table ); if ( false === $data ) { return false; } $data = $this->process_field_lengths( $data, $table ); if ( false === $data ) { return false; } $converted_data = $this->strip_invalid_text( $data ); if ( $data !== $converted_data ) { $problem_fields = array(); foreach ( $data as $field => $value ) { if ( $value !== $converted_data[ $field ] ) { $problem_fields[] = $field; } } wp_load_translations_early(); if ( 1 === count( $problem_fields ) ) { $this->last_error = sprintf( /* translators: %s: Database field where the error occurred. */ __( 'WordPress database error: Processing the value for the following field failed: %s. The supplied value may be too long or contains invalid data.' ), reset( $problem_fields ) ); } else { $this->last_error = sprintf( /* translators: %s: Database fields where the error occurred. */ __( 'WordPress database error: Processing the values for the following fields failed: %s. The supplied values may be too long or contain invalid data.' ), implode( ', ', $problem_fields ) ); } return false; } return $data; } /** * Prepares arrays of value/format pairs as passed to wpdb CRUD methods. * * @since 4.2.0 * * @param array $data Array of values keyed by their field names. * @param string[]|string $format Formats or format to be mapped to the values in the data. * @return array { * Array of values and formats keyed by their field names. * * @type array ...$0 { * Value and format for this field. * * @type mixed $value The value to be formatted. * @type string $format The format to be mapped to the value. * } * } */ protected function process_field_formats( $data, $format ) { $formats = (array) $format; $original_formats = $formats; foreach ( $data as $field => $value ) { $value = array( 'value' => $value, 'format' => '%s', ); if ( ! empty( $format ) ) { $value['format'] = array_shift( $formats ); if ( ! $value['format'] ) { $value['format'] = reset( $original_formats ); } } elseif ( isset( $this->field_types[ $field ] ) ) { $value['format'] = $this->field_types[ $field ]; } $data[ $field ] = $value; } return $data; } /** * Adds field charsets to field/value/format arrays generated by wpdb::process_field_formats(). * * @since 4.2.0 * * @param array $data { * Array of values and formats keyed by their field names, * as it comes from the wpdb::process_field_formats() method. * * @type array ...$0 { * Value and format for this field. * * @type mixed $value The value to be formatted. * @type string $format The format to be mapped to the value. * } * } * @param string $table Table name. * @return array|false { * The same array of data with additional 'charset' keys, or false if * the charset for the table cannot be found. * * @type array ...$0 { * Value, format, and charset for this field. * * @type mixed $value The value to be formatted. * @type string $format The format to be mapped to the value. * @type string|false $charset The charset to be used for the value. * } * } */ protected function process_field_charsets( $data, $table ) { foreach ( $data as $field => $value ) { if ( '%d' === $value['format'] || '%f' === $value['format'] ) { /* * We can skip this field if we know it isn't a string. * This checks %d/%f versus ! %s because its sprintf() could take more. */ $value['charset'] = false; } else { $value['charset'] = $this->get_col_charset( $table, $field ); if ( is_wp_error( $value['charset'] ) ) { return false; } } $data[ $field ] = $value; } return $data; } /** * For string fields, records the maximum string length that field can safely save. * * @since 4.2.1 * * @param array $data { * Array of values, formats, and charsets keyed by their field names, * as it comes from the wpdb::process_field_charsets() method. * * @type array ...$0 { * Value, format, and charset for this field. * * @type mixed $value The value to be formatted. * @type string $format The format to be mapped to the value. * @type string|false $charset The charset to be used for the value. * } * } * @param string $table Table name. * @return array|false { * The same array of data with additional 'length' keys, or false if * information for the table cannot be found. * * @type array ...$0 { * Value, format, charset, and length for this field. * * @type mixed $value The value to be formatted. * @type string $format The format to be mapped to the value. * @type string|false $charset The charset to be used for the value. * @type array|false $length { * Information about the maximum length of the value. * False if the column has no length. * * @type string $type One of 'byte' or 'char'. * @type int $length The column length. * } * } * } */ protected function process_field_lengths( $data, $table ) { foreach ( $data as $field => $value ) { if ( '%d' === $value['format'] || '%f' === $value['format'] ) { /* * We can skip this field if we know it isn't a string. * This checks %d/%f versus ! %s because its sprintf() could take more. */ $value['length'] = false; } else { $value['length'] = $this->get_col_length( $table, $field ); if ( is_wp_error( $value['length'] ) ) { return false; } } $data[ $field ] = $value; } return $data; } /** * Retrieves one value from the database. * * Executes a SQL query and returns the value from the SQL result. * If the SQL result contains more than one column and/or more than one row, * the value in the column and row specified is returned. If $query is null, * the value in the specified column and row from the previous SQL result is returned. * * @since 0.71 * * @param string|null $query Optional. SQL query. Defaults to null, use the result from the previous query. * @param int $x Optional. Column of value to return. Indexed from 0. Default 0. * @param int $y Optional. Row of value to return. Indexed from 0. Default 0. * @return string|null Database query result (as string), or null on failure. */ public function get_var( $query = null, $x = 0, $y = 0 ) { $this->func_call = "\$db->get_var(\"$query\", $x, $y)"; if ( $query ) { if ( $this->check_current_query && $this->check_safe_collation( $query ) ) { $this->check_current_query = false; } $this->query( $query ); } // Extract var out of cached results based on x,y vals. if ( ! empty( $this->last_result[ $y ] ) ) { $values = array_values( get_object_vars( $this->last_result[ $y ] ) ); } // If there is a value return it, else return null. return ( isset( $values[ $x ] ) && '' !== $values[ $x ] ) ? $values[ $x ] : null; } /** * Retrieves one row from the database. * * Executes a SQL query and returns the row from the SQL result. * * @since 0.71 * * @param string|null $query SQL query. * @param string $output Optional. The required return type. One of OBJECT, ARRAY_A, or ARRAY_N, which * correspond to an stdClass object, an associative array, or a numeric array, * respectively. Default OBJECT. * @param int $y Optional. Row to return. Indexed from 0. Default 0. * @return array|object|null|void Database query result in format specified by $output or null on failure. */ public function get_row( $query = null, $output = OBJECT, $y = 0 ) { $this->func_call = "\$db->get_row(\"$query\",$output,$y)"; if ( $query ) { if ( $this->check_current_query && $this->check_safe_collation( $query ) ) { $this->check_current_query = false; } $this->query( $query ); } else { return null; } if ( ! isset( $this->last_result[ $y ] ) ) { return null; } if ( OBJECT === $output ) { return $this->last_result[ $y ] ? $this->last_result[ $y ] : null; } elseif ( ARRAY_A === $output ) { return $this->last_result[ $y ] ? get_object_vars( $this->last_result[ $y ] ) : null; } elseif ( ARRAY_N === $output ) { return $this->last_result[ $y ] ? array_values( get_object_vars( $this->last_result[ $y ] ) ) : null; } elseif ( OBJECT === strtoupper( $output ) ) { // Back compat for OBJECT being previously case-insensitive. return $this->last_result[ $y ] ? $this->last_result[ $y ] : null; } else { $this->print_error( ' $db->get_row(string query, output type, int offset) -- Output type must be one of: OBJECT, ARRAY_A, ARRAY_N' ); } } /** * Retrieves one column from the database. * * Executes a SQL query and returns the column from the SQL result. * If the SQL result contains more than one column, the column specified is returned. * If $query is null, the specified column from the previous SQL result is returned. * * @since 0.71 * * @param string|null $query Optional. SQL query. Defaults to previous query. * @param int $x Optional. Column to return. Indexed from 0. Default 0. * @return array Database query result. Array indexed from 0 by SQL result row number. */ public function get_col( $query = null, $x = 0 ) { if ( $query ) { if ( $this->check_current_query && $this->check_safe_collation( $query ) ) { $this->check_current_query = false; } $this->query( $query ); } $new_array = array(); // Extract the column values. if ( $this->last_result ) { for ( $i = 0, $j = count( $this->last_result ); $i < $j; $i++ ) { $new_array[ $i ] = $this->get_var( null, $x, $i ); } } return $new_array; } /** * Retrieves an entire SQL result set from the database (i.e., many rows). * * Executes a SQL query and returns the entire SQL result. * * @since 0.71 * * @param string $query SQL query. * @param string $output Optional. Any of ARRAY_A | ARRAY_N | OBJECT | OBJECT_K constants. * With one of the first three, return an array of rows indexed * from 0 by SQL result row number. Each row is an associative array * (column => value, ...), a numerically indexed array (0 => value, ...), * or an object ( ->column = value ), respectively. With OBJECT_K, * return an associative array of row objects keyed by the value * of each row's first column's value. Duplicate keys are discarded. * Default OBJECT. * @return array|object|null Database query results. */ public function get_results( $query = null, $output = OBJECT ) { $this->func_call = "\$db->get_results(\"$query\", $output)"; if ( $query ) { if ( $this->check_current_query && $this->check_safe_collation( $query ) ) { $this->check_current_query = false; } $this->query( $query ); } else { return null; } $new_array = array(); if ( OBJECT === $output ) { // Return an integer-keyed array of row objects. return $this->last_result; } elseif ( OBJECT_K === $output ) { /* * Return an array of row objects with keys from column 1. * (Duplicates are discarded.) */ if ( $this->last_result ) { foreach ( $this->last_result as $row ) { $var_by_ref = get_object_vars( $row ); $key = array_shift( $var_by_ref ); if ( ! isset( $new_array[ $key ] ) ) { $new_array[ $key ] = $row; } } } return $new_array; } elseif ( ARRAY_A === $output || ARRAY_N === $output ) { // Return an integer-keyed array of... if ( $this->last_result ) { if ( ARRAY_N === $output ) { foreach ( (array) $this->last_result as $row ) { // ...integer-keyed row arrays. $new_array[] = array_values( get_object_vars( $row ) ); } } else { foreach ( (array) $this->last_result as $row ) { // ...column name-keyed row arrays. $new_array[] = get_object_vars( $row ); } } } return $new_array; } elseif ( strtoupper( $output ) === OBJECT ) { // Back compat for OBJECT being previously case-insensitive. return $this->last_result; } return null; } /** * Retrieves the character set for the given table. * * @since 4.2.0 * * @param string $table Table name. * @return string|WP_Error Table character set, WP_Error object if it couldn't be found. */ protected function get_table_charset( $table ) { $tablekey = strtolower( $table ); /** * Filters the table charset value before the DB is checked. * * Returning a non-null value from the filter will effectively short-circuit * checking the DB for the charset, returning that value instead. * * @since 4.2.0 * * @param string|WP_Error|null $charset The character set to use, WP_Error object * if it couldn't be found. Default null. * @param string $table The name of the table being checked. */ $charset = apply_filters( 'pre_get_table_charset', null, $table ); if ( null !== $charset ) { return $charset; } if ( isset( $this->table_charset[ $tablekey ] ) ) { return $this->table_charset[ $tablekey ]; } $charsets = array(); $columns = array(); $table_parts = explode( '.', $table ); $table = '`' . implode( '`.`', $table_parts ) . '`'; $results = $this->get_results( "SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM $table" ); if ( ! $results ) { return new WP_Error( 'wpdb_get_table_charset_failure', __( 'Could not retrieve table charset.' ) ); } foreach ( $results as $column ) { $columns[ strtolower( $column->Field ) ] = $column; } $this->col_meta[ $tablekey ] = $columns; foreach ( $columns as $column ) { if ( ! empty( $column->Collation ) ) { list( $charset ) = explode( '_', $column->Collation ); $charsets[ strtolower( $charset ) ] = true; } list( $type ) = explode( '(', $column->Type ); // A binary/blob means the whole query gets treated like this. if ( in_array( strtoupper( $type ), array( 'BINARY', 'VARBINARY', 'TINYBLOB', 'MEDIUMBLOB', 'BLOB', 'LONGBLOB' ), true ) ) { $this->table_charset[ $tablekey ] = 'binary'; return 'binary'; } } // utf8mb3 is an alias for utf8. if ( isset( $charsets['utf8mb3'] ) ) { $charsets['utf8'] = true; unset( $charsets['utf8mb3'] ); } // Check if we have more than one charset in play. $count = count( $charsets ); if ( 1 === $count ) { $charset = key( $charsets ); } elseif ( 0 === $count ) { // No charsets, assume this table can store whatever. $charset = false; } else { // More than one charset. Remove latin1 if present and recalculate. unset( $charsets['latin1'] ); $count = count( $charsets ); if ( 1 === $count ) { // Only one charset (besides latin1). $charset = key( $charsets ); } elseif ( 2 === $count && isset( $charsets['utf8'], $charsets['utf8mb4'] ) ) { // Two charsets, but they're utf8 and utf8mb4, use utf8. $charset = 'utf8'; } else { // Two mixed character sets. ascii. $charset = 'ascii'; } } $this->table_charset[ $tablekey ] = $charset; return $charset; } /** * Retrieves the character set for the given column. * * @since 4.2.0 * * @param string $table Table name. * @param string $column Column name. * @return string|false|WP_Error Column character set as a string. False if the column has * no character set. WP_Error object if there was an error. */ public function get_col_charset( $table, $column ) { $tablekey = strtolower( $table ); $columnkey = strtolower( $column ); /** * Filters the column charset value before the DB is checked. * * Passing a non-null value to the filter will short-circuit * checking the DB for the charset, returning that value instead. * * @since 4.2.0 * * @param string|null|false|WP_Error $charset The character set to use. Default null. * @param string $table The name of the table being checked. * @param string $column The name of the column being checked. */ $charset = apply_filters( 'pre_get_col_charset', null, $table, $column ); if ( null !== $charset ) { return $charset; } // Skip this entirely if this isn't a MySQL database. if ( empty( $this->is_mysql ) ) { return false; } if ( empty( $this->table_charset[ $tablekey ] ) ) { // This primes column information for us. $table_charset = $this->get_table_charset( $table ); if ( is_wp_error( $table_charset ) ) { return $table_charset; } } // If still no column information, return the table charset. if ( empty( $this->col_meta[ $tablekey ] ) ) { return $this->table_charset[ $tablekey ]; } // If this column doesn't exist, return the table charset. if ( empty( $this->col_meta[ $tablekey ][ $columnkey ] ) ) { return $this->table_charset[ $tablekey ]; } // Return false when it's not a string column. if ( empty( $this->col_meta[ $tablekey ][ $columnkey ]->Collation ) ) { return false; } list( $charset ) = explode( '_', $this->col_meta[ $tablekey ][ $columnkey ]->Collation ); return $charset; } /** * Retrieves the maximum string length allowed in a given column. * * The length may either be specified as a byte length or a character length. * * @since 4.2.1 * * @param string $table Table name. * @param string $column Column name. * @return array|false|WP_Error { * Array of column length information, false if the column has no length (for * example, numeric column), WP_Error object if there was an error. * * @type string $type One of 'byte' or 'char'. * @type int $length The column length. * } */ public function get_col_length( $table, $column ) { $tablekey = strtolower( $table ); $columnkey = strtolower( $column ); // Skip this entirely if this isn't a MySQL database. if ( empty( $this->is_mysql ) ) { return false; } if ( empty( $this->col_meta[ $tablekey ] ) ) { // This primes column information for us. $table_charset = $this->get_table_charset( $table ); if ( is_wp_error( $table_charset ) ) { return $table_charset; } } if ( empty( $this->col_meta[ $tablekey ][ $columnkey ] ) ) { return false; } $typeinfo = explode( '(', $this->col_meta[ $tablekey ][ $columnkey ]->Type ); $type = strtolower( $typeinfo[0] ); if ( ! empty( $typeinfo[1] ) ) { $length = trim( $typeinfo[1], ')' ); } else { $length = false; } switch ( $type ) { case 'char': case 'varchar': return array( 'type' => 'char', 'length' => (int) $length, ); case 'binary': case 'varbinary': return array( 'type' => 'byte', 'length' => (int) $length, ); case 'tinyblob': case 'tinytext': return array( 'type' => 'byte', 'length' => 255, // 2^8 - 1 ); case 'blob': case 'text': return array( 'type' => 'byte', 'length' => 65535, // 2^16 - 1 ); case 'mediumblob': case 'mediumtext': return array( 'type' => 'byte', 'length' => 16777215, // 2^24 - 1 ); case 'longblob': case 'longtext': return array( 'type' => 'byte', 'length' => 4294967295, // 2^32 - 1 ); default: return false; } } /** * Checks if a string is ASCII. * * The negative regex is faster for non-ASCII strings, as it allows * the search to finish as soon as it encounters a non-ASCII character. * * @since 4.2.0 * * @param string $input_string String to check. * @return bool True if ASCII, false if not. */ protected function check_ascii( $input_string ) { if ( function_exists( 'mb_check_encoding' ) ) { if ( mb_check_encoding( $input_string, 'ASCII' ) ) { return true; } } elseif ( ! preg_match( '/[^\x00-\x7F]/', $input_string ) ) { return true; } return false; } /** * Checks if the query is accessing a collation considered safe. * * @since 4.2.0 * * @param string $query The query to check. * @return bool True if the collation is safe, false if it isn't. */ protected function check_safe_collation( $query ) { if ( $this->checking_collation ) { return true; } // We don't need to check the collation for queries that don't read data. $query = ltrim( $query, "\r\n\t (" ); if ( preg_match( '/^(?:SHOW|DESCRIBE|DESC|EXPLAIN|CREATE)\s/i', $query ) ) { return true; } // All-ASCII queries don't need extra checking. if ( $this->check_ascii( $query ) ) { return true; } $table = $this->get_table_from_query( $query ); if ( ! $table ) { return false; } $this->checking_collation = true; $collation = $this->get_table_charset( $table ); $this->checking_collation = false; // Tables with no collation, or latin1 only, don't need extra checking. if ( false === $collation || 'latin1' === $collation ) { return true; } $table = strtolower( $table ); if ( empty( $this->col_meta[ $table ] ) ) { return false; } // If any of the columns don't have one of these collations, it needs more confidence checking. $safe_collations = array( 'utf8_bin', 'utf8_general_ci', 'utf8mb3_bin', 'utf8mb3_general_ci', 'utf8mb4_bin', 'utf8mb4_general_ci', ); foreach ( $this->col_meta[ $table ] as $col ) { if ( empty( $col->Collation ) ) { continue; } if ( ! in_array( $col->Collation, $safe_collations, true ) ) { return false; } } return true; } /** * Strips any invalid characters based on value/charset pairs. * * @since 4.2.0 * * @param array $data Array of value arrays. Each value array has the keys 'value', 'charset', and 'length'. * An optional 'ascii' key can be set to false to avoid redundant ASCII checks. * @return array|WP_Error The $data parameter, with invalid characters removed from each value. * This works as a passthrough: any additional keys such as 'field' are * retained in each value array. If we cannot remove invalid characters, * a WP_Error object is returned. */ protected function strip_invalid_text( $data ) { $db_check_string = false; foreach ( $data as &$value ) { $charset = $value['charset']; if ( is_array( $value['length'] ) ) { $length = $value['length']['length']; $truncate_by_byte_length = 'byte' === $value['length']['type']; } else { $length = false; /* * Since we have no length, we'll never truncate. Initialize the variable to false. * True would take us through an unnecessary (for this case) codepath below. */ $truncate_by_byte_length = false; } // There's no charset to work with. if ( false === $charset ) { continue; } // Column isn't a string. if ( ! is_string( $value['value'] ) ) { continue; } $needs_validation = true; if ( // latin1 can store any byte sequence. 'latin1' === $charset || // ASCII is always OK. ( ! isset( $value['ascii'] ) && $this->check_ascii( $value['value'] ) ) ) { $truncate_by_byte_length = true; $needs_validation = false; } if ( $truncate_by_byte_length ) { mbstring_binary_safe_encoding(); if ( false !== $length && strlen( $value['value'] ) > $length ) { $value['value'] = substr( $value['value'], 0, $length ); } reset_mbstring_encoding(); if ( ! $needs_validation ) { continue; } } // utf8 can be handled by regex, which is a bunch faster than a DB lookup. if ( ( 'utf8' === $charset || 'utf8mb3' === $charset || 'utf8mb4' === $charset ) && function_exists( 'mb_strlen' ) ) { $regex = '/ ( (?: [\x00-\x7F] # single-byte sequences 0xxxxxxx | [\xC2-\xDF][\x80-\xBF] # double-byte sequences 110xxxxx 10xxxxxx | \xE0[\xA0-\xBF][\x80-\xBF] # triple-byte sequences 1110xxxx 10xxxxxx * 2 | [\xE1-\xEC][\x80-\xBF]{2} | \xED[\x80-\x9F][\x80-\xBF] | [\xEE-\xEF][\x80-\xBF]{2}'; if ( 'utf8mb4' === $charset ) { $regex .= ' | \xF0[\x90-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]{2} # four-byte sequences 11110xxx 10xxxxxx * 3 | [\xF1-\xF3][\x80-\xBF]{3} | \xF4[\x80-\x8F][\x80-\xBF]{2} '; } $regex .= '){1,40} # ...one or more times ) | . # anything else /x'; $value['value'] = preg_replace( $regex, '$1', $value['value'] ); if ( false !== $length && mb_strlen( $value['value'], 'UTF-8' ) > $length ) { $value['value'] = mb_substr( $value['value'], 0, $length, 'UTF-8' ); } continue; } // We couldn't use any local conversions, send it to the DB. $value['db'] = true; $db_check_string = true; } unset( $value ); // Remove by reference. if ( $db_check_string ) { $queries = array(); foreach ( $data as $col => $value ) { if ( ! empty( $value['db'] ) ) { // We're going to need to truncate by characters or bytes, depending on the length value we have. if ( isset( $value['length']['type'] ) && 'byte' === $value['length']['type'] ) { // Using binary causes LEFT() to truncate by bytes. $charset = 'binary'; } else { $charset = $value['charset']; } if ( $this->charset ) { $connection_charset = $this->charset; } else { $connection_charset = mysqli_character_set_name( $this->dbh ); } if ( is_array( $value['length'] ) ) { $length = sprintf( '%.0f', $value['length']['length'] ); $queries[ $col ] = $this->prepare( "CONVERT( LEFT( CONVERT( %s USING $charset ), $length ) USING $connection_charset )", $value['value'] ); } elseif ( 'binary' !== $charset ) { // If we don't have a length, there's no need to convert binary - it will always return the same result. $queries[ $col ] = $this->prepare( "CONVERT( CONVERT( %s USING $charset ) USING $connection_charset )", $value['value'] ); } unset( $data[ $col ]['db'] ); } } $sql = array(); foreach ( $queries as $column => $query ) { if ( ! $query ) { continue; } $sql[] = $query . " AS x_$column"; } $this->check_current_query = false; $row = $this->get_row( 'SELECT ' . implode( ', ', $sql ), ARRAY_A ); if ( ! $row ) { return new WP_Error( 'wpdb_strip_invalid_text_failure', __( 'Could not strip invalid text.' ) ); } foreach ( array_keys( $data ) as $column ) { if ( isset( $row[ "x_$column" ] ) ) { $data[ $column ]['value'] = $row[ "x_$column" ]; } } } return $data; } /** * Strips any invalid characters from the query. * * @since 4.2.0 * * @param string $query Query to convert. * @return string|WP_Error The converted query, or a WP_Error object if the conversion fails. */ protected function strip_invalid_text_from_query( $query ) { // We don't need to check the collation for queries that don't read data. $trimmed_query = ltrim( $query, "\r\n\t (" ); if ( preg_match( '/^(?:SHOW|DESCRIBE|DESC|EXPLAIN|CREATE)\s/i', $trimmed_query ) ) { return $query; } $table = $this->get_table_from_query( $query ); if ( $table ) { $charset = $this->get_table_charset( $table ); if ( is_wp_error( $charset ) ) { return $charset; } // We can't reliably strip text from tables containing binary/blob columns. if ( 'binary' === $charset ) { return $query; } } else { $charset = $this->charset; } $data = array( 'value' => $query, 'charset' => $charset, 'ascii' => false, 'length' => false, ); $data = $this->strip_invalid_text( array( $data ) ); if ( is_wp_error( $data ) ) { return $data; } return $data[0]['value']; } /** * Strips any invalid characters from the string for a given table and column. * * @since 4.2.0 * * @param string $table Table name. * @param string $column Column name. * @param string $value The text to check. * @return string|WP_Error The converted string, or a WP_Error object if the conversion fails. */ public function strip_invalid_text_for_column( $table, $column, $value ) { if ( ! is_string( $value ) ) { return $value; } $charset = $this->get_col_charset( $table, $column ); if ( ! $charset ) { // Not a string column. return $value; } elseif ( is_wp_error( $charset ) ) { // Bail on real errors. return $charset; } $data = array( $column => array( 'value' => $value, 'charset' => $charset, 'length' => $this->get_col_length( $table, $column ), ), ); $data = $this->strip_invalid_text( $data ); if ( is_wp_error( $data ) ) { return $data; } return $data[ $column ]['value']; } /** * Finds the first table name referenced in a query. * * @since 4.2.0 * * @param string $query The query to search. * @return string|false The table name found, or false if a table couldn't be found. */ protected function get_table_from_query( $query ) { // Remove characters that can legally trail the table name. $query = rtrim( $query, ';/-#' ); // Allow (select...) union [...] style queries. Use the first query's table name. $query = ltrim( $query, "\r\n\t (" ); // Strip everything between parentheses except nested selects. $query = preg_replace( '/\((?!\s*select)[^(]*?\)/is', '()', $query ); // Strip any leading SET STATEMENT statements. $query = preg_replace( '/^SET STATEMENT.+?\sFOR\s+/is', '', $query ); // Quickly match most common queries. if ( preg_match( '/^\s*(?:' . 'SELECT.*?\s+FROM' . '|INSERT(?:\s+LOW_PRIORITY|\s+DELAYED|\s+HIGH_PRIORITY)?(?:\s+IGNORE)?(?:\s+INTO)?' . '|REPLACE(?:\s+LOW_PRIORITY|\s+DELAYED)?(?:\s+INTO)?' . '|UPDATE(?:\s+LOW_PRIORITY)?(?:\s+IGNORE)?' . '|DELETE(?:\s+LOW_PRIORITY|\s+QUICK|\s+IGNORE)*(?:.+?FROM)?' . ')\s+((?:[0-9a-zA-Z$_.`-]|[\xC2-\xDF][\x80-\xBF])+)/is', $query, $maybe ) ) { return str_replace( '`', '', $maybe[1] ); } // SHOW TABLE STATUS and SHOW TABLES WHERE Name = 'wp_posts' if ( preg_match( '/^\s*SHOW\s+(?:TABLE\s+STATUS|(?:FULL\s+)?TABLES).+WHERE\s+Name\s*=\s*("|\')((?:[0-9a-zA-Z$_.-]|[\xC2-\xDF][\x80-\xBF])+)\\1/is', $query, $maybe ) ) { return $maybe[2]; } /* * SHOW TABLE STATUS LIKE and SHOW TABLES LIKE 'wp\_123\_%' * This quoted LIKE operand seldom holds a full table name. * It is usually a pattern for matching a prefix so we just * strip the trailing % and unescape the _ to get 'wp_123_' * which drop-ins can use for routing these SQL statements. */ if ( preg_match( '/^\s*SHOW\s+(?:TABLE\s+STATUS|(?:FULL\s+)?TABLES)\s+(?:WHERE\s+Name\s+)?LIKE\s*("|\')((?:[\\\\0-9a-zA-Z$_.-]|[\xC2-\xDF][\x80-\xBF])+)%?\\1/is', $query, $maybe ) ) { return str_replace( '\\_', '_', $maybe[2] ); } // Big pattern for the rest of the table-related queries. if ( preg_match( '/^\s*(?:' . '(?:EXPLAIN\s+(?:EXTENDED\s+)?)?SELECT.*?\s+FROM' . '|DESCRIBE|DESC|EXPLAIN|HANDLER' . '|(?:LOCK|UNLOCK)\s+TABLE(?:S)?' . '|(?:RENAME|OPTIMIZE|BACKUP|RESTORE|CHECK|CHECKSUM|ANALYZE|REPAIR).*\s+TABLE' . '|TRUNCATE(?:\s+TABLE)?' . '|CREATE(?:\s+TEMPORARY)?\s+TABLE(?:\s+IF\s+NOT\s+EXISTS)?' . '|ALTER(?:\s+IGNORE)?\s+TABLE' . '|DROP\s+TABLE(?:\s+IF\s+EXISTS)?' . '|CREATE(?:\s+\w+)?\s+INDEX.*\s+ON' . '|DROP\s+INDEX.*\s+ON' . '|LOAD\s+DATA.*INFILE.*INTO\s+TABLE' . '|(?:GRANT|REVOKE).*ON\s+TABLE' . '|SHOW\s+(?:.*FROM|.*TABLE)' . ')\s+\(*\s*((?:[0-9a-zA-Z$_.`-]|[\xC2-\xDF][\x80-\xBF])+)\s*\)*/is', $query, $maybe ) ) { return str_replace( '`', '', $maybe[1] ); } return false; } /** * Loads the column metadata from the last query. * * @since 3.5.0 */ protected function load_col_info() { if ( $this->col_info ) { return; } $num_fields = mysqli_num_fields( $this->result ); for ( $i = 0; $i < $num_fields; $i++ ) { $this->col_info[ $i ] = mysqli_fetch_field( $this->result ); } } /** * Retrieves column metadata from the last query. * * @since 0.71 * * @param string $info_type Optional. Possible values include 'name', 'table', 'def', 'max_length', * 'not_null', 'primary_key', 'multiple_key', 'unique_key', 'numeric', * 'blob', 'type', 'unsigned', 'zerofill'. Default 'name'. * @param int $col_offset Optional. 0: col name. 1: which table the col's in. 2: col's max length. * 3: if the col is numeric. 4: col's type. Default -1. * @return mixed Column results. */ public function get_col_info( $info_type = 'name', $col_offset = -1 ) { $this->load_col_info(); if ( $this->col_info ) { if ( -1 === $col_offset ) { $i = 0; $new_array = array(); foreach ( (array) $this->col_info as $col ) { $new_array[ $i ] = $col->{$info_type}; ++$i; } return $new_array; } else { return $this->col_info[ $col_offset ]->{$info_type}; } } } /** * Starts the timer, for debugging purposes. * * @since 1.5.0 * * @return true */ public function timer_start() { $this->time_start = microtime( true ); return true; } /** * Stops the debugging timer. * * @since 1.5.0 * * @return float Total time spent on the query, in seconds. */ public function timer_stop() { return ( microtime( true ) - $this->time_start ); } /** * Wraps errors in a nice header and footer and dies. * * Will not die if wpdb::$show_errors is false. * * @since 1.5.0 * * @param string $message The error message. * @param string $error_code Optional. A computer-readable string to identify the error. * Default '500'. * @return void|false Void if the showing of errors is enabled, false if disabled. */ public function bail( $message, $error_code = '500' ) { if ( $this->show_errors ) { $error = ''; if ( $this->dbh instanceof mysqli ) { $error = mysqli_error( $this->dbh ); } elseif ( mysqli_connect_errno() ) { $error = mysqli_connect_error(); } if ( $error ) { $message = '' . $error . "